EM Spectrum in Astronomy

The Mitr

1 year ago

EM Spectrum in Astronomy from Astrobites

I created a mindmap from the information above

Radio
λ > 1 mm
ν < 300 GHz
- Objects
  - AGN JEts
  - Supernovae
  - Tidal Disruption Events
  - H II regions
  - Gamma ray bursts
  - Radio Galaxies
- Processes
  - Synchrotron radiation
  - Free-free radiation
- Observation
  - Ground based
- Telescopes
  - Green Bank Telescope (GBT)
  - Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope (FAST)
  - Very Large Array (VLA)
  - Square Kilometer Array (SKA)
  - Low-Frequency Array (LoFAR),
  - Giant Meterwave Radio Telescope (GMRT)

Microwave/Sub-mm
λ ~ 300 μm to 1 mm
ν ~ 1 THz to 300 GHz
- Objects
  - CMB
  - High energy phenomena
    - Relativistic jets
    - Cold dust
    - Cold gas
    - Galaxies at high z
- Processes
  - Thermal (blackbody radiation)
- Observation
  - Space
  - Ground
- Telescopes
  - Space
    - Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE)
    - Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP)
    - Planck
  - Ground
    - Submillimeter Array (SMA
    - Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA).

Infrared
λ ~ 300 μm to 2.5 μm
ν ~ 1 THz to 120 THz
- Far-Infrared
  λ ~ 15 μm to 300 μm
  ν ~ 20 THz 1 THz
  - Objects
    - Cool dust
    - Cool gas
    - star forming galaxies
    - young stellar objects
      - proto-stars
      - pre-main sequence stars
  - Processes
    - Thermal (Blackbody radiation)
  - Observation
    - Space
  - Telescopes
    - Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS)
    - Infrared Space Observatory (ISO)
    - Herschel
- Mid-Infrared
  λ ~ 2.5 μm to 15 μm
  ν ~ 120 THz 20 THz
  - Objects
    - Cosmic dust
      - surrounding young stars
      - protoplanetary disks
      - zodiacal dust
    - Solar system objects
      - planets
      - comets
      - asteroids
  - Processes
    - Thermal (Blackbody Radiation)
  - Observation
    - Space
    - Ground
  - Telescopes
    - Ground
      - Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF)
      - United Kingdom Infrared Telescope (UKIRT)
    - Space
      - James Webb Space Telescope
      - Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE)
      - Spitzer
- Near-Infrared
  λ ~ 0.8 μm to 2.5 μm
  ν ~ 380 THz 120 THz
  - Objects
    - M-dwarfs
    - Cool stars
    - Low-mass stars
    - Galaxies
  - Processes
    - Thermal (Blackbody Radiation)
  - Observation
    - Space
    - Ground
  - Telescopes
    - Ground
      - 2MASS survey
      - Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF)
      - United Kingdom Infrared Telescope (UKIRT)
      - Visible and Infrared Survey Telescope for Astronomy (VISTA)
    - Space
      - James Webb Space Telescope

Optical
λ ~ 350 nm to 800 nm
ν ~ 860 THz 380 THz
- Objects
  - Ionized gases
  - Stars
  - Galaxies
- Processes
  - Black Body Radiation (Thermal)
  - Non-thermal
- Observation
  - Both Ground and Space
- Telescopes
  - Ground
    - W.M. Keck telescopes
    - Very Large Telescopes
    - Southern African Large Telescope (SALT)
  - Space
    - Hubble Space Telescope
    - Gaia
    - Kepler
    - Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS).

Ultra-violet
λ ~ 10 nm to 350 nm
ν ~ 3e16 Hz to 860 Hz
E ~ 120 eV to 3.5 eV
- Objects
  - Thermal
    - O Stars
    - B Stars
    - white dwarfs
  - Non-thermal
    - AGN (continuous emission)
- Processes
  - Blackbody radiation (thermal radiation)
  - Non-thermal sources
- Observation
  - Ground (longest)
  - Space
- Telescopes
  - AstroSAT (2015)
  - Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) (2003)
  - Hubble Space Telescope (1990)
  - Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory (2004)

X-Ray
λ ~ 10 pm to 10 nm
ν ~ 3e19 Hz to 3e16 Hz
E ~ 120 keV to 0.12 keV
- Objects
  - X-Ray binaries
  - AGN
  - Neutron stars
- Processes
  - Thermal Emission
  - Free-Free emission
  - Accretion
- Observation
  - From Space
- Telescopes
  - Uhuru (1973)
  - Einstein (1978-81)
  - ROSAT (1999)
  - Chandra (1999)
  - XMM-Newton (1999)
  - NuSTAR (2012)
  - eROSITA (2019)

- Gamma-Ray
  λ < 10 pm
  ν > 3e19 Hz
  E > 120 keV
  - Objects
    - AGN with Relativistic Jets
    - Gamma Ray Binaries
    - Gamma Ray Bursts
  - Processes
    - Gamma Decay
    - Pair-Annihilation
    - Shock Waves
    - Inverse-Compton Scattering
  - Observation
    - From Space
  - Telescopes
    - Compton Gamma-ray Observatory (1991)
    - International Gamma-Ray Astrophysics Laboratory (INTEGRAL) (2002)
    - Fermi (2008)

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